理解英语短语动词:如何高效地 Carry out 行动
欢迎,英语学习者!理解英语短语动词可以显著提升你的流利度。今天我们要重点学习一个非常常见的短语动词:“Carry out”。这个多功能短语动词在描述我们执行任务和计划时不可或缺。在这篇文章中,你将了解 “Carry out” 的不同含义,学习如何用它造句,探索相关同义词,并通过一些练习题检验你的掌握情况。让我们一起深入学习,丰富你的英语词汇吧!
目录
Carry out 是什么意思?
多功能短语动词“Carry out”是英语中以行动为导向的语言核心。从本质上讲,它表示执行、贯彻或完成已经计划、分配或决定的事情。无论是一项简单的任务、一个复杂的项目、一项正式命令,甚至是一个承诺,“Carry out”某事意味着将其完成到预定结果。在理解“Carry out”用于各种语境时,准确沟通和建立扎实的英语词汇基础都很重要。
Carry out 的结构
短语动词“Carry out”通常是及物的,这意味着它需要直接宾语。这个宾语通常是被执行的动作、指示或计划。让我们来探讨它的常见含义及相应的句子结构,帮助你自信地使用它。
含义 1:执行或完成任务、职责或指示。
这可以说是“Carry out”最常见的用法,指将被分派或计划好的行为付诸实际。当你“Carry out”一个任务时,你正在积极地做需要完成的事情。这一定义在讨论工作、责任和日常活动时至关重要。
- 结构: 主语 + carry out + [任务/职责/指示/计划/研究等]
- Example 1: The medical team was prepared to carry out emergency procedures if necessary.
- Example 2: It is your responsibility to carry out these instructions carefully.
含义 2:进行或承担(实验、调查、研究或学习)。
在更正式或学术的场合,“Carry out”常用于描述有条不紊地管理和执行系统性研究的过程。这种用法在科学、学术和专业领域中很常见,研究和分析在其中尤为重要。当你进行研究时,“Carry out”是非常合适的动词。
- 结构: 主语 + carry out + [实验/调查/研究/学习/回顾等]
- Example 1: The marketing department will carry out a survey to gather customer feedback.
- Example 2: Researchers often carry out extensive studies before publishing their findings.
含义 3:履行或实施(威胁、承诺、计划或政策)。
此用法突显了将明确的意图或承诺付诸实现。它可以应用于履行承诺等正面行为,也可以指实施威胁等负面行为,从而突显动词的跟进意义。
- 结构: 主语 + carry out + [威胁/承诺/计划/政策/改革等]
- Example 1: The new CEO is determined to carry out the proposed company reforms.
- Example 2: He made a promise to his family and was determined to carry it out.
含义 4:将某物带出某地(用法较少,通常针对物品)。
在美式英语中,餐厅叫外卖常用“take out”,但“Carry out”也可指实际将某物从某地带出。这时更多是字面含义。
- 结构: 主语 + carry out + [物品/物体等] +(来自某地)
- Example 1: The workers helped to carry out the old equipment from the factory.
- Example 2: Could you help me carry out these boxes to the car?
“Carry out” 的可分性解析
“Carry out”是一个可分短语动词。这意味着该动词的宾语有时可以放在“carry”和“out”之间。
当宾语是名词或名词短语时: 它通常放在“carry out”后,也可以(尤其是在较长短语时)放在“carry”和“out”之间。
- They carried out the plan.(较为常见)
- They carried the plan out.(也正确,但“carry out the plan”更自然)
当宾语是代词(it, them, him, her, us, me, you)时: 代词必须放在“carry”和“out”之间。
- 正确:They had a mission and they carried it out successfully.
- 错误:They had a mission and they carried out it successfully.
- 正确:The instructions were difficult, but she carried them out.
- 错误:The instructions were difficult, but she carried out them.
掌握这种可分性的用法是像母语者一样使用“Carry out”的关键所在。注意宾语——如果是代词,一定要分开这个短语动词。注意细节会大大提升你在使用英语短语动词时的语法准确性。这在你需要用代词执行任务时尤其重要。
相关短语和同义词
虽然我们讨论的这个短语动词用途广泛且常用,但扩充你的同义词库能让你的英语表达更加丰富、细腻。在写作时,使用不同的词表达类似含义也能避免重复。下面是一张常见同义词表,附有释义和例句,帮助你理解它们的用法。
同义词 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
Execute | 执行、完成计划、命令或复杂的行动,通常暗示有技巧或精确性,较为正式或系统化 | The general gave the order, and the soldiers prepared to execute it. |
Perform | 执行、完成动作、任务或职责,常用于讨论职责、角色或艺术表演 | The orchestra will perform a symphony by Beethoven tonight. |
Implement | 实施、使计划、决策、协议、系统或政策生效,常指开始应用新方法 | The school decided to implement a new digital learning platform. |
Conduct | 组织并执行特定活动或流程,尤其是需管理的正式事务,如研究或调查 | The committee will conduct an investigation into the incident. |
Fulfill | 达成、实现预期、希望或承诺,满足条件或要求,常涉及义务或抱负 | She worked hard to fulfill her dream of becoming a doctor. |
Undertake | 承担并开始(某个任务或责任),表示承担重要项目 | The company will undertake a major restructuring project next year. |
Accomplish | 成功实现、完成任务,强调圆满完成某事 | Despite the challenges, they managed to accomplish their mission. |
选择最恰当的同义词取决于具体情境,以及你想表达的细微差别。例如,复杂的军事行动可以用“execute”,而公司政策改革适合用“implement”。熟悉这些替换用法,将大大提升你的交流能力。
练习时间!
现在测试一下你对我们讨论过的短语动词的理解吧!为每个题目选择最佳答案。
Question 1: Which sentence correctly uses the phrasal verb meaning "to perform a task"? a) He carried the heavy box out of the room.
b) The team was asked to carry out the project plan.
c) She carried out with her story despite the interruptions.
d) They carried over the balance to the next month.
Correct answer: b
Question 2: The scientists will __________ an experiment to test their new drug. a) carry on
b) carry out
c) carry off
d) carry over
Correct answer: b
Question 3: "The manager asked us to __________ the new safety procedures immediately." Which word best fits the blank? a) carry up
b) carry through
c) carry out
d) carry away
Correct answer: c
Question 4: If you "carry out a threat," it means you: a) Ignore the threat.
b) Make the threat.
c) Act upon the threat you made.
d) Ask someone else to make a threat.
Correct answer: c
你做得怎么样?如果觉得还有难度,可以再复习一下例句和释义。坚持练习是掌握短语动词的关键!
总结
学习和理解我们今天重点讲解的短语动词,是掌握日常英语的重要一步。通过掌握它的各种含义——从执行任务、开展研究到履行承诺——以及句子结构,你可以更精准、自然地表达自己。多在不同语境下尝试使用它吧。你越多地练习类似短语动词,就会越流利自如地运用英语。继续加油!