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英语短语动词“Cop Out”的含义与用法解析

学习英语短语动词虽然具有挑战性,但同时也非常有成就感。你经常会遇到的一个短语动词就是“cop out”。正确理解并使用“cop out”,能大大提升你的英语流利度与理解能力,因为它涉及到逃避责任的常见主题。本文将深入讲解“cop out”的多重含义,结合清晰例句探讨其语法结构,介绍相关表达和同义词,并提供练习题帮助检测你的掌握程度。准备好自信地使用这个短语动词,别再“cop out”于你的英语学习目标啦!

图片显示某人犹豫不决,文字为“Don't Cop Out!”

目录

“Cop Out”是什么意思?

短语动词“cop out”主要用来描述逃避某个责任、义务或困难情境的行为,这种逃避通常是出于恐惧、懒惰或图省事。它通常带有负面色彩,表达了对逃避应当面对或完成之事的批评态度。理解这一核心含义,是在各种情境下正确使用“cop out”的关键。

“Cop Out”的结构用法

英语短语动词“cop out”可以以多种方式使用,同时它也常以名词形式出现(a cop-out)。我们来详细了解其结构与具体含义。

含义1:逃避责任或承诺(不及物动词)

这是最常见的用法,用于指某人逃避理应承担的事务。

  • 结构:主语 + cop out

    • Example 1: He promised to help with the presentation, but he copped out at the last minute.
    • Example 2: You can't just cop out when things get tough; you have to see it through.
  • 结构:主语 + cop out + of + [名词/动名词短语] 该结构用于具体指出所逃避的责任或活动。

    • Example 1: She tried to cop out of the difficult assignment by pretending to be sick.
    • Example 2: He copped out of going to the meeting because he knew his boss would be angry.

含义2:退出协议或未履行对他人的义务(常带有让他人失望之意)

该含义突出逃避承诺或让他人失望的成分。

  • 结构:主语 + cop out + on + [人/群体]
    • Example 1: Our lead singer copped out on us the night before the big concert.
    • Example 2: I was relying on you; please don't cop out on me now.

含义3:借口或逃避行为(名词短语:“a cop-out” 或 “cop-out”)

此处,“cop-out”作为名词使用,指借口本身或逃避行为。

  • 结构:[限定词] + cop-out
    • Example 1: Saying you're too busy is just a cop-out; you simply don't want to do it.
    • Example 2: His explanation for not finishing the report was a complete cop-out.

在这些结构中巧用“cop out”,会让你的表达更加自然和准确。需要注意,“cop out”作为短语动词时一般是不及物的且不可分割。作为名词时,“cop-out”可为单数或复数形式(cop-outs),但单数更常见。

相关短语与同义词

了解同义词和相关短语能拓展你的词汇量,也能帮助更细腻地表达语义。以下是“cop out”的几种替代说法及其含义和例句:

同义词/短语含义例句
Back out退出某项承诺或协议。He backed out of the deal at the very last moment.
Evade逃避,尤指以巧妙或耍小聪明的方式。She tried to evade answering the direct question.
Shirk逃避或忽视(责任、义务等)。He was accused of shirking his responsibilities.
Dodge以突然动作或小技巧避开(某人/事)。The politician dodged questions about the scandal.
Get out of逃避应当做的某事。I wish I could get out of attending this boring lecture.

以上词语可根据具体语境和你想表达的语气选用。虽然它们都与“cop out”有相似之处,但各自也有细微的语义区别。例如,“shirk”多强调对责任的忽略,“dodge”则常用于巧妙或突然规避的语境。

练习时间!

现在,通过以下选择题检测你对“cop out”的理解吧。为每个句子选择最佳答案。

Question 1: Which sentence uses "cop out" correctly as a verb? a) He made a cop out for not finishing his work.

b) She decided to cop out of the competition because she felt unprepared.

c) The cop out was that he was too tired.

d) They cop out on their responsibilities too often.

Correct answer: b

Question 2: "Saying you forgot is just a ________; you didn't want to come." a) cop out of

b) cop-out

c) cop out on

d) copping out

Correct answer: b

Question 3: What is the primary meaning of "to cop out"? a) To arrest someone.

b) To confess to a crime.

c) To avoid a responsibility or commitment.

d) To succeed easily.

Correct answer: c

Question 4: Mark was supposed to organize the event, but he ________ at the last minute, leaving us all in a difficult situation. a) copped out on

b) copped out

c) made a cop-out

d) copped out of it from us

Correct answer: b

总结

掌握像“cop out”这样的英语短语动词,是迈向流利表达的重要一步。了解其主要含义—即逃避责任—以及多样的语法结构后,你的表达会更细腻、准确。不仅要学习定义,还要在不同语境中加以实践。积极地将“cop out”融入自己的词汇中,你会更自信地理解和使用这个常见且富有表现力的短语动词。坚持练习,学英语不该“cop out”哦!


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