Unlocking the Phrasal Verb 'Go by': A Guide to Its Meanings and Usage

Welcome, English learners! Understanding English phrasal verbs can significantly boost your fluency, and today we're diving into a very common one: "Go by". This versatile phrasal verb pops up in various contexts, often causing confusion. But don't worry! This post will clearly explain what "Go by" means, how it's structured in sentences, and provide examples. You'll also discover synonyms and get a chance to practice, making it easier to learn English effectively. By the end, you'll feel more confident using "Go by" correctly.

Table of Contents

• What Does Go by Mean?
• Structure with Go by
• Related Phrases and Synonyms
• Practice Time!
• Conclusion

What Does Go by Mean?

The phrasal verb "Go by" is a frequently used term in English with several distinct meanings. Essentially, it can refer to the passage of time, using a particular name, or following rules or instructions. Understanding these nuances, and the importance of context with English phrasal verbs, is key to using "Go by" accurately in conversation and writing, as its meaning can shift significantly.

More: Understanding 'Go Before': Meanings and Usage

Structure with Go by

The phrasal verb "Go by" is a fascinating example of how a simple verb combined with a preposition or adverb can create multiple meanings. Its versatility means it can fit into various sentence structures, and understanding these is key to using "Go by" like a native speaker. Let's break down its primary meanings, structures, and provide some helpful tips for learners trying to use "go by" correctly.

Meaning 1: Passage of Time

One of the most common uses of "Go by" is to describe the passage or elapsing of time. It conveys the sense that time is moving forward, often with a subjective feel of it moving quickly or slowly. This usage is typically intransitive, meaning it doesn't take a direct object.

• Structure: Subject + go by
  • Example 1: The days go by so quickly when you're on vacation, don't they?
  • Example 2: As the years go by, I find myself appreciating the simple things in life more.
• Things to Note:
  • You'll often hear this with time-related subjects like "days," "weeks," "months," "years," "time," "moments."
  • Adverbs can be used to describe how time goes by: "Time goes byslowly when you're bored."

Meaning 2: To Be Known by a Particular Name

This meaning is straightforward: it refers to using a specific name, often a nickname, a shortened version of a full name, or a preferred name instead of an official one. This usage is transitive, with the name being the object of the phrasal verb "go by".

• Structure: Subject + go by + (the name of) + Name
  • Example 1: My full name is Alexander, but please, go by Alex.
  • Example 2: She introduced herself as Dr. Eleanor Vance, but mentioned she likes to go by Ellie with colleagues.
• Things to Note:
  • This is very common in informal and professional introductions where someone wants to specify their preferred address.
  • The phrase "the name of" is often omitted for conciseness when you use "go by" in this way.

Meaning 3: To Follow or Judge According to Something

When you "go by" something in this context, you are using it as a guide, a standard, or the basis for your actions, decisions, or judgments. This could be rules, instructions, appearances, or information received. This usage is also transitive.

• Structure: Subject + go by + Noun (e.g., the rules, the book, instructions, appearance, what someone says)
  • Example 1: In this game, we all have to go by the official rulebook, no exceptions.
  • Example 2: You can't always go by first impressions; people can surprise you.
• Things to Note:
  • This implies reliance on the specified noun. These are great "go by" examples of its practical application.
  • Common collocations include: "go by the rules," "go by the instructions," "go by the book," "go by what X says," "go by appearances."
  • It's important for learners of English phrasal verbs to recognize that the "something" you go by is your reference point.

Meaning 4: To Pass a Place (Physical Movement)

While "go past" is arguably more common and precise for indicating physical movement beyond a location, "Go by" can also be used to mean moving near or alongside something, essentially passing it. This context often implies a brief or casual observation while in motion.

• Structure: Subject + go by + Place/Object
  • Example 1: We saw the quaint little bakery as we went by the main street on our tour.
  • Example 2: Did you notice the beautiful mural on the wall as you went by the community center?
• Things to Note:
  • While grammatically correct, be aware that "go past" might be clearer in many situations to avoid ambiguity.
  • This usage often describes a fleeting view of something as one moves. This meaning of go by is less frequent but still useful.

Understanding these distinct meanings and their typical sentence structures will significantly improve your ability to comprehend and use the phrasal verb "Go by" effectively. Pay attention to the context, as it's crucial for deciphering which meaning of "go by" is intended. This is a common characteristic of many common phrasal verbs in English.

More: Understanding 'Go Back On': How to Use it Correctly

Related Phrases and Synonyms

Expanding your vocabulary includes knowing synonyms for common phrasal verbs like "Go by". This helps in varying your language and understanding different shades of meaning. Here are some synonyms related to the different meanings of "Go by":

Learning these synonyms will enrich your understanding and use of expressions similar to "Go by", helping you to learn English more comprehensively.

More: Understanding the English Phrasal Verb: How to Use 'Go along with'

Practice Time!

Let's test your understanding of the phrasal verb "Go by" with a few questions. Choose the best option for each sentence. These exercises will help solidify the phrasal verb meanings we've discussed.

Question 1: Which sentence uses "go by" to mean "passage of time"? a) I usually go by "Alex" at work.

b) The hours seem to go by so slowly when I'm waiting.

c) We have to go by the company's policy.

d) Did you see that fast car go by the shop?

Correct answer: b

Question 2: "My name is Elizabeth, but I _______ Liz with my friends." a) go by

b) go on

c) go over

d) go out

Correct answer: a

Question 3: "If you want to bake this cake correctly, you must _______ the recipe exactly." a) go by

b) go through

c) go with

d) go without

Correct answer: a

Question 4: What is another way to say "The years go by" in the context of time elapsing? a) The years stop.

b) The years elapse.

c) The years begin.

d) The years reverse.

Correct answer: b

Conclusion

Mastering phrasal verbs like "Go by" is a significant step in your journey to English fluency. By understanding its various meanings—from the passage of time to following rules or being known by a certain name—and practicing its structures, you can use "Go by" more confidently and accurately. Keep practicing, listen for it in conversations, and don't be afraid to use it yourself. Consistent effort will make these versatile verbs a natural part of your vocabulary, enhancing your communication skills as you continue to learn phrasal verbs.